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KMID : 0358119780040010075
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Journal of the Korean Public Health Association
1978 Volume.4 No. 1 p.75 ~ p.84
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A Survey of Physical Growth and Dietary Intake of Pre-school Children of Rural Area in Kyunggi Province
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牟壽美/Mo, Sumi
李貞遠/Lee, Joungwon
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Abstract
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One of the most serious nutritional problems in Korea has been the under-nutrition of pre-school´ children in growing stage, particularly in rural area which may-have ill effect on their future physical and emotional health Therefore, continuous efforts should be made to improve their nutritional status through the comprehensive projects such as nutrition education and the introduction of cultivation of nutritious foods available to the rural ´ community. In such a view point, this survey was done for the purpose of evaluate the nutritional status of the rural pre-school children and providing some concrete basal data to such nutritional projects.
A nutritional survey-of 150 pre-school children (male: 73, female: 77), randomly selected- from the ruraharea of Yongin-kun, Kyunggi province, was performed during November, 1976.
The physical growth indices of the subjects were calculated by height, weight and arm circumferences. The average intakes of foods and nutrients were determined by the 24-hour recall method. Observed heights and weights were compared with the Korean standards of 1975 report, and the arm circumferences with. Jelliffe´s standards. The nutrient intake was compared with the
-Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA).
1. Physical growth. The average values of heights and weights of all subjected children were comparable to the Korean standards, and 13.3% of the subjects had heights <90% of the standard for their age and only 4% of the subjects had weight <90% of the standard for their age. From the result of weight for their age around 4% of the children could be presumed to be suffering from the mild or moderate PCM_ The average value of arm circumferences was lower than Jelliffe´s standards through the whole age groups, and, 30.3% of subjects had arm circumference (90% of Jelliffe´s standards. Among them, -4.1% of subjects had arm circumference <80% of the standard for their age. `--
2. Average food intake. Total amounts of daily food intakes for ages were in the range of 437g to 942g, which were higher than other reports mainly because of the higher intake of steamed sweet potatoes. Of the total foods, 1.9% to 9.2% was from animal origin and the intake of animal foods was decreased with increasing age due to decrease in milk consumption.
3. Average nutrient intake.
1) Total energy intake was not sufficient as 86.0.90.8% of RDA. Of the total energy 79.783.8%, 6.5-9.9%, and 9.3-:-;10. 4% were from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, respectively, which showed the higher reliability on the starch foods and the low fat -intake.
2) The protein intake was in the range of 19. 4g to 34.9 year day and -was dower than RDA by around 300/0. Furthermore, only 12.2-r-15.7% of the total protein intake was from animal foods and 9.7-10.7% from legumes. In terms of the quality, protein ingested by the, subjected children was rather good; the protein score ranged from 74..8 to 85.,2 (the first limiting amino acid: suffer containing amino acid); NDp Cal%, 7.3 ´to 8.0%, and reference protein, 15.4 to 26.5g.
Therefore, the insufficiency of protein intake of the subjected children was more serious in its quantity rather than in its quality.
3) Both calcium and ? iron were insufficiently ingested as 46.8--73.8% and 31.3-69.0% of RDA, respectively. Particularly, such an insufficient intake of calcium became more serious since the larger part of calcium (70.3---8.5.7%) *was -ingested from vegetable foods.
4) Among vitamins, thiamin, ascorbic acid, and niacin intakes were satisfied (103.3-113.8%, 167.5-197.5%, and 90.0--?105.0% of RDA, respectively). However, the intakes of vitamin .A and riboflavin were seriously low as around 60% and 55.6---58.6% of RDA, respectively.
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